The role of diversity in the use of technology by educational organizations

The predominantly used machine in the educational sector is the computer. Various institutions make use of the computer in diversified ways ranging from learning to the administrative functionalities. In relation to learning, computers are variedly used in various levels.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The role of diversity in the use of technology by educational organizations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The highest levels taught to the students include; the basic introduction to computer lessons, computer packages and practice. At this state, students are introduced to the initial stages of appreciating technology through the use of computers. Computer technology vastly cuts across the concept of e-learning as well as research through the use of internet. The most significant element of technological application in educational organizations is evident in the IT and computer era. Technological diversities p lay a vital role in the wider education sector by enhancing diverse forms of communication. Technological diversity is important based on the factors such as societal changes. Most international schools are placed in the globe as the highly respected institutions. In the recent past, notable social developments have been realized in the field of technology (Harris Nelson 2008, p. 178). Capturing on the global approach, the renowned educational sectors that use technology comprise of; the elementary schools, high schools, tertiary colleges, universities, agricultural research institutions, scientific research institutions as well as polytechnics. Based on the different approaches to the modern technological advances, educational organizations offer diversified approach in implementing such applications. Through advancement in technology, students as well as educators have in the resent past incorporated distance learning. This ideology focuses mainly in preparing professional teache rs in their area of profession. Although distance learning initiative started sometime back, the incorporation of computer technology has massively brought new substantial changes in education. The basic technological diversity under the concept of distant learning covers vast application on the web, instant messaging and emailing. Web related courses permit for interactivity, synchronous as well as asynchronous formats in the learning space. In the 20th century, technologically rich atmosphere has largely affected distant learning in diversity (Hodson Sullivan 2008, p. 202).Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Through distance learning, farmers have enjoyed access to professional courses based on various technological diversities incorporated. As a result of this incorporation, the educational sector has been able to expand its geographical area of operation. In addition, technological diversities have resulted into major claims about universal correspondence in educational organizations. In the event of diversity under the field of education, it is evident that scholarship opportunities have largely taken over the learning system due to globalization. In relation to scholarship, technological diversities have led to the favor of individual applications. Various considerations concerning overseas studies affect the mode of interaction. Most educational institutions have employed the use of online websites through which they can be accessed throughout the world. In the long return, globalization has founded its expansion in the technological diversities. As a result of globalization in the education sector, most countries have been enabled to access proper education while at their home countries (Eisenberg, Goodall Trethewey 2007, p. 150). The most predominant aspect of technological expanse in the educational sector captures the availability of information. In the current state of events, most individuals have been able to pursue professional careers they could not have chances to attend. International educational organizations have vastly incorporated the modern technological advances in airing out advertisements (Modaff DeWine 2002, p. 78). Based on the technological diversities, multicultural and Global education has brought about shared origins. Since 1960’s, the global education syllabus has radically evolved to cover the young people. It is therefore through these diversities that interconnection of the various parts of the world is met. Major global problems captaining genocides, world wars and uncontrolled growth in human population dominated before introduction of technology in education (Garguilo 2005, p. 102). In response to the introduction of technological diversities in education, a lot has been done to eliminate the massive global problems. Another issue that captains more about the importance of diversity is based on the introduction of multicultural education. In the recent past, multicultural education has led to the global realization of the varied diversities. Eventually, it has been realized how important it is for multicultural understanding amongst people of different origins.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The role of diversity in the use of technology by educational organizations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Technological diversities in education have therefore resulted into elimination of racial discriminations. Through the current technological diversities, multicultural approach has been diverted from violence and ethical discrimination to institutionalized approach (Keyton Shockley-Zalabak 2009, p. 98). In return, there have elapsed four congruent themes anticipated from cultural pluralism. Technological diversity has also favored educational equity as a factor of social justice. Multicultural education th rough technological advances has led to the recognition of quality periphery based on diversity. Another factor that has massively been brought in as a result of educational diversities captures on the introduction of new web courses. The focus based on the technological diversity has in the recent past led to the introduction of web courses. The learning was basically rooted on the training of both multicultural and global teachers. Capitalizing on the initial stages, varied software has been used to capture the basic participatory goals (Gillis 2006, 130). Through continued rise in the technological levels, it has been crystal clear that various programs are incorporated into the system so as to boost education standards. The other technology identified is the development and utilization of green schools. Various schools have incorporated this practice in the country. Some schools built the green schools from the initial construction while others retrofitted them in the already es tablished classrooms. The green schools are useful since they are often completely flooded with water as well as the outshined by ordinary wood (Shockley-Zalabak 2009, p. 96) The classes are outfitted with individualized atmosphere to provide light and control temperature imbalances in the classrooms. The rich sceneries around the schools are designed to provide shadow and refurbish air and water from the atmosphere (Putnam Krone 2006, p. 210). The usefulness of green schools varies although the cost of establishing them is lower than that of ordinary. Green schools provide massive benefits for the surroundings since most financial costs are minimized. Expenditure on energy, materials, land usage, transportation and water wastage are reduced at a higher degree (Richmond, McCroskey McCroskey 2009, p. 122). In various American schools energy as well as water uses have been reduced by almost half due to the utilization of green formulas. The role of diverse technological application of green schools by reducing carbon pollutants helps at a higher degree increase the students’ productivity. Some schools use technology reducing energy utilization while other schools focus on establishing environmentally fit buildings (Fisher-Yoshida Geller 2009, p.208). They are able to learn about the disadvantages of carbon pollution and thus reduce on using fuel sources containing carbon.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Additionally they are able to learn about health benefits of using carbon free fuels while they become healthier (Jablin Putnum 2001, p. 86). The students also learn more about science and innovation while it reduces on student absence from school due to health complications like asthma. The well ventilated classrooms helps improve their cleanliness, there is reduces noise from power generators thus promoting their education outcome in the country. In the hot countries the use of green technology helps manage over heating effects by using shades or awnings that enhance lighting and ability to see clearly. Moreover in congested countries like the New York City the teachers are also able to teach without vocal strains (Nahavandi 2009, p. 190). This is because the rooms are quiet as compared to the noisy classrooms before the technological application. The buildings in dry green schools should be maintained always throughout their lifetime in order to ensure comfortable, quiet, clean a nd quality indoor air circulation thus suitable for students, managers and teachers. Laboratory experiments are possible in the green schools with more ease since the windows are easily controlled to eliminate overheating and sheen without huge energy costs both in the day and night. In other countries the technology are used to enhance open-air learning as well recreational activities since the green facilities provide a platform for three dimensional playing fields (Robbins, Millett Waters-Marsh 2003, p. 305). The green schools in Illinois were noted to provide peaceful park walk as compared to the unsettled walk in a city center setting. In general the green schools enhance the community safety since all staff and students walk to school. Additionally, daily walking enhances physical fitness for all the stakeholders. In general, the diversity in technological use helps the involved communities to acquire formal environmental education necessary for innovations in agriculture. Th e ‘green’ labs also become the beginning of a global economy that relies on green house farming since it is reliable (Bergquist 1993, p. 102). Environmentally active educational organizations shall help produce diverse career orientations. They include; inventors, green house installers, environmental educators as well as enthusiastic learners. As a result the whole universe cycle shall be won with an economically as well as environmentally sober generation. Through the use of video recording as well as national telecasting, educational organizations in Finland have been able to raise the education standards for all its students. The student’s results are broadcasted in the national television through an education everywhere video series (Woods Shlapentokh 2009, p. 152). In conjunction with the person foundation the students are evaluated by merit of subjects then each of them is expected to work towards a certain target. This enhances positive competition and c onsequently a productive performance. The performance also becomes nationally flexible for adjustments in all subjects. Thus the education everywhere video series enhances successful reformers in Finnish education system. Use of decrepit sports field and the utilization of portable classrooms as the new technology in San Lorenzo California KIPP high school have been instrumental to raise the education standards. The education organization employs the use of portable classes for the sake of learning. The observation made is that the students love the classes more as compared to their counterparts using the same technology in San Francisco (Chaney Barnett 2005, p. 110). Both students and teachers utilize the facilities to learn and practice critical thinking skills. All the students regardless of their backgrounds are expected to participate in meaningful thought-provoking questions. These questions may be drawn from various fields in the study environment and politics in order to ex pose students to productive discussions. At the end of the day the students are able to analyze, understand, evaluate and provide a solution based perspective. The result to the education organization is that the students dare attending colleges and universities after completing their high school program (Stratchen, French Burgess 2012, p. 90). Critical thinking enabled the students to develop unusual focus such that the graduates produced were successful first class citizens. Knowledge yields power thus the portable classes used for critical thinking was allowed to cover almost half of the school buildings. The use of internet in most institution of learning is done to ensure that students access massive information to handle their assignments. However in K-12 education school the internet is used to help students familiarize with the use of social media in a more proficient manner. The learning on netiquette is a major additional use for the internet initiated by the teachers (Ba rtol, Tein, Matthews Martin 2005, p. 187). The observation made amongst various students from diverse backgrounds showed that most of them express rudeness when surfing into the social media. The diversity experienced on how people utilize the social media showed that some students bullied their blog friends while others left nasty comments regardless of the recipient opinions (Lafasto Larson 2001, p.120). The use of evidence – based formulas as well as tip lists is a technology used in a diverse manner in Edutopia schools. The educators in these schools develop programs intended to improve the way students learn. Additionally they use the technology to change the performance of the students and thus their future. Through the videos the managers and educators share their resources and class assessments in order to evaluate the extent of work expected of them (Terrell Lindsey 2008, p. 126) The student’s performance is frequently checked and data communicated to simil ar schools country wide therefore enhancing success. On the other hand other schools use such technology to just chat and communicate casually. Conversely, such technology can be used to connect and make improvements for success in schools. The use of e-learning in most institutions is used to develop the students’ ability to use internet to access knowledge (Adair 2009, p. 120). The mixture of information found in the internet is used as reference texts to study for particular fields. Other students can use E-learning to acquire notes by lecturers abroad. The lecturer sends the notes to the students while the students’ sends back the completed work through the same media. Some other students also use E-learning to do exams. The students are allowed freedom to use notes acquired from the internet in the past. However the same internet is used to monitor the student during the exam duration (Rogers 1995, p. 172). The internet therefore can be used for diverse purposes a t diverse times. Additionally different groups of people can diversely use E-learning to do exams, expand commercial gains, make academic trade as well as carry out unmonitored research. Various universities have used internet based blogs and connections to make interactions with other universities. Some other universities in Australia have various roles they play in relating to their satellite campuses (Zaremba 2006, p. 185). Some utilize these relations and blogs for profit to export academic programs while others maximize on them to attain a national standard. The standard is achieved by measuring their achievement against fellow national and international universities. Information and communication technologies used in the Higher education systems around the globe are used to improve teaching as well as learning programs. These new technologies incorporate globalization tendencies that affect study environments in universities (Conrad Poole 2005. P. 210). The new technologies p lay a role in impacting the global economy, general institution’s management, as well as influencing the student’s study environment. The students study environment is influenced by academic participations, research procedures as well as improvements for future plans. On the other hand the digital technologies influence government policies and as a result establish virtual universities. Educational work and web researchers have in a great extend been used by various academic organizations to study. Global economy is commonly evaluated by vast economic analysts based in research firms and proved to be appropriate. On the other hand the agricultural research centers utilize communication and ideological research technologies (May 2006, p. 154). The animal and crop husbandry is carried out using advanced technological equipments to extract specimen, grades and periodic analysis. However numerous technologies used in all the firms and educational organizations mentioned ab ove have a related role of acquiring a higher knowledge and success. List of References Adair, J 2009, Leadership for innovation: How to organize team creativity and harvest ideas, Kogan Page Limited, Philadelphia. Bartol, K, Tein, M, Matthews, G Martin, D 2005, Management: A Pacific Rim focus, McGraw-Hill Irwin, Boston, MA. Bergquist, W 1993, The postmodern organization. Josse-Bass, San Francisco, CA. Conrad, C Poole, M 2005, Strategic organizational communication in a global economy, Wadsworth, Australia. Chaney, G Barnett, G 2005. International and multicultural organizational communication, Hampton Press, Cresskill, NJ. Eisenberg, E, Goodall, J Trethewey, A 2007, Organizational communication: Balancing creativity and constraint, Bedford/St. Martin’s, Boston. Fisher-Yoshida, B Geller, K 2009, Transnational leadership development: Preparing the next generation for the borderless business world, American Management Association, New York. Gillis, T 2006, The IABC handbook of organizational communication: A guide to internal communication, public relations, marketing and leadership, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco. Garguilo, T 2005, The strategic use of stories in organizational communication and learning. M E Sharpe, Armonk, NY. Harris, T E Nelson, M D 2008, Applied organizational communication: Theory and practice in a global environment, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ. Hodson, R Sullivan, T 2008, The social organization of work, Thomson Wadsworth, Belmont, CA. Jablin, F M Putnum, L L 2001, The handbook of organizational communication: Advances in theory, research and methods. Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA. Keyton, J Shockley-Zalabak, P 2009, Case studies in organizational communication: Understanding communication processes, Roxbury Publishing Company, Los Angeles, CA. Lafasto, F M Larson, C E 2001, When teams work best. Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA. May, S 2006, Case studies in organizational communication: Ethical perspectives and practices, Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA. Modaff, D DeWine, S 2002, Organizational communication: Foundations, challenges and misunderstandings, Roxbury Publishing Company, Los Angeles, CA. Nahavandi, A 2009, The art and science of leadership, Pearson/Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. Putnam, L Krone, K 2006, Organizational communication, Sage, London. Richmond, V P, McCroskey, J C McCroskey, L L 2009.Organizational communication for survival: making work, work, Pearson Education Inc., Boston, MA. Robbins, S, Millett, B Waters-Marsh, T 2003.Organisationalbehaviour, Pearson, Australia. Rogers, E M 1995, Diffusion of innovations, Free Press, New York. Terrell, R D Lindsey, R B 2008.Culturally proficient leadership: the personal journey begins within, Corwin Press, Thousand Oaks, CA. Shockley-Zalabak, P S 2009. Fundamentals of Organizational communication: knowledge, sensitivity, skills, values, Pearson Education Inc. Boston, MA. Stratchen, G, French, G Burgess, L 2012. Managing diversity in Austr alia: theory and practice, McGraw Hill, Sydney. Western, S 2008, Leadership: A critical text, Sage, London. Woods, J Shlapentokh, V 2009, ‘The feudal model and the study of modern organizations’, International Journal of Organizational Theory and Behavior, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 521-557. Zaremba, A J 2006, Organizational communication: Foundations for business and collaboration. Thomson-South Western, Mason, OH. This essay on The role of diversity in the use of technology by educational organizations was written and submitted by user Karlee O. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Night she ran away

The Night she ran away Free Online Research Papers I wish I could say she talked me into it, or even that helping her was her idea. But for some reason, this time, I decided that helping her runaway would be fun. Dee and I had been best friends since we met in sixth grade. We helped each other through the roughest times of our teenage years, and we were partners in crime. It was a beautiful night-cool breeze, clear sky and I was feeling happy and free. We were driving around in my blue eighty-seven Ford LTD. Which I didnt care that it was just as old as I, or that a battery powered boom box had its place in between us on the seat. I picked Dee up from work around ten oclock and we planned our night out. She was supposed to be home by ten thirty, but whats the worst her mom would do? Dee didnt plan on ever going back anyway. I on the other hand, had told my dad I was staying at a friends house around the block, although I planned on sneaking into my room later on that night. We knew a guy who did piercings out of his house in a part of town that we referred to as the hood, and Dee wanted her eyebrow pierced. We saw no problem with this; who else would pierce a fifteen year olds eyebrow without parental consent in the middle of the night? When we arrived, the house was poorly lit and smelled like dust. There was an old couch with a tacky pattern of flowers in one corner and a computer desk with a kitchen chair in front of it in another. Then there was a cart Dee sat in front of to get pierced. I sat on the corner of the couch closest to the door, while Dee waited to get pierced. As he was cleaning and preparing, we were listening to the scanner in the background. The broadcast that came over the scanner said they were looking for two female runaways age fifteen, driving a blue Ford LTD. We denied that they were talking about us. Dee got her eyebrow pierced, threw up from the blood and we got out of there. While we were enjoying our freedom, little did we know that Dee’s mom realized she never came home, so she called my dad to see if she was with me. My dad called my alleged location and I wasn‘t there. Because Dee had already threatened to run away, the cops were called. They thought we were running away together. Now my gas tank was on empty and I had to get Dee where she was going so I could get home. We stopped at the gas station with only three dollars and headed out of town. Our destination was about thirty minutes away, except ten miles down the highway the three dollars in gas was gone. It wasn’t a busy highway, there was one house around but we got no answer. We decided to flag down the next car we saw to hitch a ride. As soon as I saw the flashing lights, I knew I had made a mistake. At first I panicked and turned to run. After weighing the options, I decided I probably wouldnt get far. The police officer asked our names and immediately knew who we were. He put us in his SUV, me in the back sitting next to his not so cute dog, and Dee in the front. With my palms sweating, my stomach in knots, and my heart pounding, I watched him search my vehicle and waited for the dreaded ride to wherever he was taking us. As he pulled in my driveway, I was slightly relieved yet still scared to face my dad. I walked up the porch stairs with the police officer, my dad waiting for us at the front door. I was crying and waiting to get a scolding. So you can imagine I was surprised as he grinned and said, Welcome home, kiddo, as if he was making fun of me. And then I got grounded for lying about where I was that night. The next night Dee tried to run away again and got locked up in the juvenile detention center. I dont regret the experience because I learned a valuable lesson. No matter how much freedom I had, it was a privilege, and I had to earn it to keep it. Research Papers on The Night she ran awayThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationThe Hockey GameNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NicePersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyStandardized TestingUnreasonable Searches and SeizuresHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayThe Spring and AutumnCapital Punishment

How to Search and Find the Lines From Poems Online

How to Search and Find the Lines From Poems Online Whether a lover of poetry cant get a specific line out of their head or simply can’t remember the whole poem theyre thinking of, finding the text of a poem can be easy and quick. Sometimes, finding the right line or words is especially important, like when preparing for sentimental or milestone events, like a memorial service or wedding. Dont know where to start to find your favorite poems? 10 Steps to Find the Words From Poems Online In less than 20 minutes, poetry seekers can likely locate the text of any poem they are thinking of. Gather information. First, it is important for seekers to gather everything specific they know about the poem by either taking a mental note or writing it on paper. This information may include bits and pieces, like the poet’s name, exact title (or words they are sure are in the title), phrases or entire lines from the poem, and unique or unusual words contained in the poem.Find a reputable website. Chances are, just putting the line fragment that you remember into a search engine will come up with several possibilities, but if you want to be able to identify the right words, you should seek a reputable source. The Poetry Foundation is a good place to start; if you know the poets name look for websites that are dedicated to them.Use the websites search bar. If the site you found that contains the poet’s works has a search function, poetry seekers can try using it to find the title, title words, phrase or line they remember by simply typing in this information.Visit the website. When the search bar fails, poetry seekers may go to the site’s page, which is most likely to contain what they remember about the poem. For example, if you only remember phrases or lines from the body of the poem, visiting the table of contents might be of great assistance. Activate the browser search function. If you find a page with poems on it, Use â€Å"Control-F† to activate the browser’s search function. Typing in the exact word or phrase will allow seekers to see if the poem is contained on that page. Repeat this step on other likely pages for best results.Go to a text archive. When youve forgotten the name of the poet, but remember that the poem is a classic, a text archive can help. Specifically, seekers can  go to major poetry text archives, which have internal search capabilities. Searches like â€Å"Classic Poetry Text Archives† will bring this up quickly. It is important for seekers to  follow search instructions in this step, as  each archive site will have specific steps to take when using the search bar.Google it. If all else fails, poetry seekers can choose a search engine that will allow them to search for web pages containing an entire phrase in order. Search engines like  Google, Yahoo, and Bing! can be o f assistance. This is a particularly good option when poetry seekers have  no idea who the poet  is but are sure of the title or a specific phrase. Even just a few unique words from the poem can help: and if you find it on a site you dont trust, you may find more to inform your search, like the name of the poet. Put phrases in quotation marks. In the search box, seekers can type the specifics they remember by enclosing whole phrases in quotation marks. For instance, â€Å"fog comes† â€Å"cat feet† will locate Carl Sandburg’s poem containing the line, â€Å"The fog comes / on little cat feet.†Modify the search. Depending on the results, varying the search could be helpful. This may include adding specific words or phrases when the search generates too many pages and eliminating the words or phrases that do not result in enough pages.Reach out to fans. Ask well-read poets and poetry fans from various communities and forums about the poem. For example, seekers can post a description of the poem they are looking for. Even if specific lines are forgotten, the experts may be able to help find it. Tips for Online Poetry Searches If search engine results include  topical pages about keywords, for instance, cats or weather  in the case of the Sandburg poem above but no poems, seekers can try adding words like  Ã¢â‚¬Å"poem† or â€Å"poetry† to search words. When seekers have searched for the whole line in quotes and get nothing back, they may have misremembered the line. For instance, â€Å"fog comes in on little cat’s feet† locates two pages in which Sandburg’s poem is misquoted, but not the poem itself. Seekers can try different forms of the words they remember when they are uncertain. For instance, â€Å"cat feet† â€Å"cat’s feet† â€Å"cats’ feet† can be tried in successive searches.

Respones paper for the film Omar (2014), directed by Hani Abu Assaid Movie Review

Respones paper for the film Omar (2014), directed by Hani Abu Assaid - Movie Review Example Three Palestinian men (Tarek, Omar, and Amjad) who have been friends since childhood pass through the all aspects of their struggle against downtrodden position of their nation facing different challenges and overcoming the obstacles on their sacred way to the free breath. Among various natural for national conflicts implications including double game and treachery of people the main characters run into interdependent relations not only because of their friendship and common idea but for the love of two of them (Omar and Amjad) for one girl Nadia, Tarek’s sister. This is the fact that shows contradictory human features of the main characters, namely: the love motivates Omar to struggle with more intense in order not to lose Nadia, and it makes Amjad to rat not only his friends but the opposition movement for the purpose to be with the girl. One of the characteristics of the film is its symbolism which plays a great role in the ideological content. There are several symbols which impersonate the issue of forced and separated life of Palestinians (the wall) and the trick as a specification of the fight conduct (the parable about the way which is used by hunters for catching monkeys). As a matter of fact the symbols together with the recent theme help the director to make the film a burning one because its plot probably cannot leave anyone indifferent. â€Å"Omar† is the drama that brightly shows the idea Palestinian identity and the desire to live free and without control of any other government but their own. It is notable on the moments when ordinary people support their opposition leaders and assist them in hiding or running from the Israeli police. They are so tired of dependent position that their only will is to bring their discharge as quick as possible. There is the reflection of some features of Palestinian culture in the film, that is, the way of

Construction Industry Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Construction Industry Report - Essay Example In contemporary Western cultures it is possible for individuals to work in 5-10 different occupations before retirement. However, current thinking on careers tends to be conditioned by older and sometimes outmoded concepts of what a career ought to be. The relatively stable patterns that many in New Zealand enjoyed from 1945 - 1985 represents a past of relational contracts, steady advancement and mutual loyalty which is difficult to replicate in today's society (Elkin, Jackson & Inkson, 2004). A study conducted by Michael Arthur and his colleagues at the University of Auckland looked in depth at the careers of 75 representative New Zealanders from 1985 to 1995 (Arthur, Inkson & Pringle, 1999). Arthur's study found that individuals moved between employers and between jobs with relative ease. Very few of these moves were upward, career building moves such as promotion. For example, Arthur found that more than 60% of the people in the sample changed occupations in the 10 years covered by the study. Eighty five percent moved between organisations. The Centre for Research on Work, Education and Research Limited conducted case studies of four industries including the construction industry. ... (Centre for Research on Work, Education and Research Limited, 2004). Some skilled tradesmen in construction who had become independent contractors in the past when made redundant or by choice were reported as being worse off financially than previously. These men were a supply of labour because their alternative was to work as a sub-contractor on private building sites where they might, for example, work for 60-70 hours a week but earn only an effective $7-$8 an hour. Researchers claim that people employed in the construction industry are classified as realistic. They have mechanical abilities, like working outdoors with tools and objects and they prefer dealing with things rather than people. Construction workers tend to like practical and physical activities and they are task orientated. The construction sector is highly labour intensive. Whereas other industries can increase production by using a mix of more people and more machinery, construction is much more reliant on people. Work Environment The construction industry is seen by some people as hazardous or dangerous. The injury rate per thousand workers for the Total Construction Industry calculated from ACC Entitlement Claims Data as a whole for the 2004 year was approximately 30 injuries per thousand workers. The rate of injury was relatively stable over the 2001-2004 period even though New Zealand experienced somewhat of a 'boom' period for the industry, with many new and inexperienced workers entering the industry. (New Zealand Construction Industry Council, 2005). On the other hand, injury costs for the industry over the period 2001 to 2004 show a downward trend. As

Communication process and the correct message

Communication process and the correct message Introduction Communication is a very day routine communicating that can be whether it is talking to people on the telephone or in person ,talking dictation and transcribing business correspondence , listening with colleagues and staff ,writing letter, faxes, reports and e -mail .It is essential to learn from our communications, from our successes and our failures ,and to develop and enhance our communication skills . Communication involves the sharing of ideas and information. While many people think of communication primarily in oral or written form, communication is in fact so much more. A knowing look or a gentle touch can also communicate a message loud and clear, as can a hard push or an angry slap. So, what is communication -an interaction between two people in which something is exchanged. Thus, communication has two important functions in an organization as it enables people to exchange necessary information, and It helps set members of the organization apart from non-members. Communication may be defined as giving, receiving or exchanging information, opinions or ideas by writing, speech or visual means, so that the message communicated is completely understood by the recipient. Communication is the process of sharing our ideas, thoughts, and feelings with other people and having those ideas, thoughts, and feelings understood by the people we are talking wit. When we communicate we speak, listen, and observe. The process of communication is successful only when the receiver understands an idea as the sender intended. Effective communication is the result of the most accurate exchange of information, full understanding of the message by hoth the parties, and appropriate action taken upon completion of the information exchange. The basis of effective communication, whether. oral or written, is clarity about · the subject matter. Since communication is the act of creating understanding, therefore, the message should be communicated in such a way that it is received as the communicator intended, without any misunderstanding. Effective communication requires a thorough knowledge of the communication process, the environment in which it is taking place and an awareness about the possible barriers that may hinder the flow of communication. Understanding between the communicator and the receiver of the message is also very important. Define Question 1: To answer this question I need to know more details about the communications process. After get the knowledge about the communication process then only I can explain the process that a communication undergoes. For this question I need to draw the communication process. From the figure I will explain the five steps that is involve in the communication process and the function of each steps. Finally, after describe the steps, I need to know the method and process to ensure that the audience has received the right message. I also get to know about the speaker and listener attitude and purposes and channel that can be used to ensure the right message received. Answer for Question 1: Communication Process Sender Message Channel/ Medium Message Audience Encoding Decoding Feedback to sender of possible or appropriate Process of communication and familiarize ourselves with the elements involved in the process. Communication is a five-step process: The sender has an idea, the idea becomes a message, the message is transmitted, the receiver gets the message, the receiver reacts and sends feedback. Misunderstandings can arise at any stage of the communication process and when that happens, the process breaks down. The transmission of the senders ideas to the receiver and the receivers feedback to the sender constitute the communication cycle or process. This process involves five step: Sender has an idea: Conceive an idea and want to share it .The form of the idea may be influenced by the senders mood, frame of reference, background, culture, and physical makeup, as well as the context of the situation . Senders are individuals who react to situations from a unique vantage point, interpreting ideas and filtering experiences through their own perception. The sender encodes an idea or feeling in words or signs that the receiver will recognize and transmits this message to the receiver. Sender encodes the idea in a message: When we put idea into a message that we receiver will understand ,we are encoding. Encoding means converting the idea into words or gestures that will convey meaning is translation or conversion of the idea or intention or message into words or signals so that receiver would reconvert the same as intended by the sender. A major problem in communicating any message verbally is that words have different meanings for different people .Thats why skilled communicators try to choose familiar words with concrete meaning on which both senders and receivers agree. Message travels over a channel: The medium over which the message is transmitted is the channel. Message may be sent by computer, telephone, letter, or memorandum. They may also be sent by means of the report, announcement, picture, spoken word, fax, or other channel. Because both verbal and nonverbal message are carried, senders must choose channels carefully. Anything that disrupts the transmission of the message in the communication process is called noise. Channel noise ranges from static that disrupts a telephone conversation to spelling errors in an e mail message. Such errors damage the credibility of the sender. The channel we choose depend on our message , the location of audience , need for speed and the formality of the situation. Receiver decodes message; The person for whom a message is intended is receiver. Translating the message from its symbol form into meaning involves decoding .Successful communication takes place only when a receiver understands the meaning intended by the sender. Such success is often hard ton achieve because no two people share the same background .Success is further limited because barriers and noise may disrupt the process. Decoding is what the receiver does to reconvert the received words or signals into the idea or intention or message as originally intended by the sender. The problems associated with encoding or decoding are due to the fact that words or signals have multiple meanings and thus there is a possibility of either use of wrong words or wrong signals or understanding them in a way different from what is originally intended. Feedback travels to sender : Feedback can take place immediately or over a long period of time it may be the desired outcome of a series of communication which will take place over several months. Both communication and audience can responds to the feedback. The verbal and nonverbal responses of the receiver create feedback, a vital part of the entire communication process. Feedback helps the sender known that the message was received and understood .Senders can encourage feedback by asking question. Senders can further improve feedback by delivering the message at a time when receiver can respond. The sender would be communicating back to the sender his or her evaluation or how he or she understood about each part of the message or word before the sender goes further in acting on the message. Here in the present example the secretary did not give her feedback about what she understood and thus the intended message failed. The communication process is repeated until both are parties have finished expressing themselves .The process is effective only when each step is successful.. In order to send our message it is clear that we need an understanding of the role of the communicator and audience, and then we can select the appropriate channel of communication .That why communication process is important in our life. How to ensure the intended audience receive the right message? When we send a message, we intend to communicate meaning, but the message itself doesnt contain meaning. The meaning exists in your mind and in the mind of the receiver. To understand one another, the receiver and I must share similar meaning of words, gestures, voice, and other symbols. There a few way to ensure the intended audience receive the right message : Now who is audience An audience is a group. My audience might be my instructor, classmates, t the president of an organization, the staff of a management company, or any other number of possibilities. Communication will also be determined by the status of the audience. It different context each of us has a different status and may represent different market segments. We need to consider audience Audience has separate in many way like initial audience is the first audience to get the message .Sometime this audience tells to write the message. A gatekeeper has the power to stop you message instead of sending it on other audience . The primary audience will decide whether to accept or will act on the basis of the message .The secondary audience may asked to comment on the message or to implement idea after they been approved . Finally watchdog audience , though it does not have the power to stop the message and will not act directly on it .This audience pays close attention to the transaction between the sender and the primary audience and may base future actions on its evaluation of the sender message. Determine intended audience. We wont be able to construct the right message unless you identify the consumers you want to reach. A sharply defined target audience aids the development of a sharply focused and effective message to deliver. We can now from body language .Body language can divide into facial expression , eye contact , posture and stance , physical contact ,and gestures or gesticulation. Facial expressions is one or more motions or positions of the  muscles  of the  face. The subtlety of facial expressions is determined by the types of eye contact we encounter .It is important to look people straight in the eye when talking to them .Looking up ,down, or to the side indicates that they are not worthy of our full attention and therefore lack significance . Posture and stance physical position or bearing while standing .Consider the attitudes that the postures is leaning forward on desk ,perching on edge of seat , fiddling with pens, and paper and biting nails. Physical contact is much more than firm handshake. finally gestures and gesticulation is like shaking head indicates disagreement or collaboration . The same message may be addressed to different audiences using differing language and channels of communication and you will require the feedback to be different for your own internal communication. Keep the Audience focused You can also help your audience by eliminating any information that doesnt directly contribute to your purpose. Many business messages contain too much material. The sender, in hopes of being thorough, tries to explain everything there is to know about a subject, but most audiences dont need everything. All they need are a few pertinent facts, enough information to answer their question or facilitate their decisions. By keeping your messages as brief and as clean as possible, you make them easier to absorb. Message conditions Make sure your messaging is clear. If you are delivering a message that is too vague, it will impact how well any channel delivers it. Especially with multiple channel integrated campaigns, you need a message that is obvious and apparent enough that it comes across to your target audience regardless of the interactive channel where they encounter it. The message can be unclear. If the messenger uses words unknown to the receiver, expressions typical of an area, slang or too many acronyms for example, the receiver might have trouble to decode the message. So the sender need to used simple languages with simple words and can be understand by the receiver. Mind of the messenger The state of mind of the messenger can influence the message. Anger, frustration, joy can all change the way the message will be perceived. The tone used to say a simple sentence can lend tons of meaning, as well as the body language accompanying the words. These play a role at the receiving end of the process as well. If in a bad mood, the receiver might perceive what is being said in a different way than when in a good mood, for example. Channel used It is important to ensure that the sender use an appropriate channel to communicate with a target audience. There are various channel of communicating with a target audience such as face to face , oral , written , and visual. If the wrong channel is used for the content and intent of the message the might get lost. For example, when a supervisor asks one of his employees to come and see him in his office, the message might not be perceived the same . If communicated in person or through a note left on the employees desk. Demonstrating Empathy The audience must be able to decode the intent of the messenger. It is necessary to . Understand the reasons as well as the reasoning behind the message. Empathy is one of the first characteristics of a good receiver. To respond appropriately, the Audience must try and read the messenger. Body language, facial expressions, Voice and intonation are all clues that can be used in decoding the messenger and his true message. Shutting Out the Environment In order to centre his attention on the messenger, the sender must try to shut off the rest of the world and avoid distraction Listen to the conversation taking place at the next table and text a friend. With all the solicitation that the world offers, it might prove to be difficult, but a genuine conversation cannot happen without real involvement. A successful audience will learn to withdraw from it and give deliberate attention to the messenger. Just as one cannot expect to do quality work in a room full of distraction, one cannot expect to have a real conversation surrounded by noise and other stimuli. It might be as simple as retiring to a quiet room or as involved as practicing shutting out outside distractions. One of the greatest sources of communication problem is noise. Make the Messages Meet Conversation occurs when each one of the participants is trying to say something different. Like the messenger, the receiver comes to a conversation with a specific intent. Both intents might meet, contradict or be in conflict with one another. The problems start when the receivers intent is different from the messenger and his messages intent. It is as if there are no receivers, just two messengers trying to get something across to the other. Having a conversation is a two way process. Both participants must come to it with the same openness and availability. The receiver may apply all the rules and tricks possible, but if the messenger is not willing to become in turn a good receiver, the communication process become broken and no real conversation can take place. Communicating, really communicating cannot take place without commitment from both participants. If one of them is not really available, it becomes a bit like talking to a wall, a wall that might provide all the right ans wers at the right time, but that is not really listening. Facilitate Feedback In addition to minimizing noise, giving the audience a chance to provide feedback is crucial. But one thing that makes business communication difficult is the complexity of the feedback loop. If we are talking face-to-face with another person, feedback is immediate and clear. However, if we are writing a letter, memo, or report that will be read by several people, feedback will be delayed and mixed. Some of the readers will be enthusiastic or respond promptly; others will be critical or reluctant to respond, and revising our message to take into account their feedback will be difficult. When we plan a message, think about the amount of feedback that we want to encourage. Feedback is not always easy to get, even when ours encourage it. In some cases we may have to draw out the other person by asking question. If we want to know specific things, ask specific questions, but also encourage our audience to express general reaction, we can often learn something very interesting that way. Conclusion, effective communication and conversation more particularly requires an open mind and an availability that the modern world does not always permit. It is the task of both the messenger and the receiver to create conditions that make real communication possible. This can be done through empathy, availability and an open-mind. the communication process is the perfect guide toward achieving effective communication. When followed properly, the process can usually assure that the senders message will be understood by the receiver. Although the communication process seems simple, it in essence is not. The communication process is made up of four key components. Those components include encoding, medium of transmission, decoding, and feedback. There are also two other factors in the process, and those two factors are present in the form of the sender and the receiver. The communication process begins with the sender and ends with the receiver. Define Question 2: In this question I need to explain more about the methods, the mediums, and the vehicles that I would use in my products and to communicate with my target audience. This is to make sure them attract with my company product and to persuade them to buy this products. The products that I will choose is laptop, Ferrari One this is because nowadays laptop are getting popular and used by teenager in college . So to promote my laptop products I need to do a advertisement and explain it. Answer for Question 2: As the Product Manager of a soon to be launched the Ferrari one laptop branded product, will use some effective methods, mediums and vehicle to communicate with my company target audience so that I can persuade them to buy my products. The medium or channels that I will use are Internal Channels, External Channels, and individual contact. For the internal channels, the processing of immediate information to individuals within an organisation will include telephone message, internal memoranda or messages which will probably be written on headed paper to be kept as records of the correspondence later. These will be immediate responses to other information received and be required by specified individuals in a very short time-scale. The communicator can make use of memos, house journals, bulletins, notice boards, meeting formal and informal, and telephone calls or closed circuit television. The recipients will be familiar with the context, background and language used in the communication. Effective internal communication can seen in various instances such as communicating with superiors, communicating with sub-ordinates, communicating with colleagues and communicating between departments. External channels of communication need not restrict information exchange to an external organisation. Corporate brochures, sales literature or any paid-for advertising is also accessible to those within the organisation .Besides that, we dont want our internal market to gain information in second hand . In terms of organisations success , briefing internally via journals , magazines , staff meetings or newsletters should form part. If external communication take form of the letters, telephone calls or reports then it wont be necessary for everyone within ours organisation to have copies , but key personnel in project need to be briefed as to ongoing communication external. Effective communication with those outside a company bring in order build goodwill, and ensures the continued existence and growth of the business such as interacting with costumers, dealing with government agencies and department ,handling suppliers and dealing with the public. Individual contact with an organisation can be more effective than broadcast media, where the message is diluted and standardised to suit many rather individuals. Newspapers are out-of-date almost as soon as they are printed, ready for the next news item. Clearly the time-scales of the communication will also determine the channel. As a starting point, here is a brief description of what are probably the most popular methods for business communication used today. Some of these are universally familiar, others recent arrivals on the scene, but for completeness and to ensure a common understanding. The method is Letters , memos , reports because there is no e-mail link between the parties, because a hard copy is required to meet audit or legal requirements or because the recipient prefers to read from paper than from a screen . E-mail because E-mail means for delivering short text messages within organisations that are networked or exchange of computer-stored messages by telecommunication. As e-mail between organisations becomes more common, the medium will increasingly take the place of fax, particularly as whole documents can be sent as e-mail attachments. Intranet also method because intranet uses the same technology as the Internet, and private network that is contained within an enterprise . It may consist of many interlinked local area networks .Normally an intranet is used to deliver text and images, although the technology is capable of audio, animation, video and real- time 3D graphics sometimes called virtual reality. Radio is used almost exclusively for public broadcast channels and has few uses for business communications. And the Phone. Phones are universal and, with the advent of voice mail and mobile phones, it is now possible to reach people practically anytime, anywhere. Finally, the communication vehicles that use are E-newsletters. E-newsletters are a simple way to proactively reach to our neighbours. Seven reasons for E-newsletters are complement our website, Email newsletters are more cost-effective than print newsletters, E-newsletters are interactive, we can test its effectiveness, E-newsletters encourage word-of mouth advertising, our preaching to the choir and Starting today will help build our subscriber base. Besides that, Websites also are communication vehicles. Websites allow organizations an opportunity to passively reach their audience. Websites allow neighbours access to organization without attending meetings. In addition, minutes, and files easily uploaded through a fairly simple interface. Print Newsletters is easy to underestimate the value of a newsletter. But a newsletter allows you to connect with neighbours on an ongoing basis and create a greater sense of community. For a newsletter to succeed it must provide accurate and current information. The information must be relevant to the recipient and the format must be pleasing and readable. A print newsletter can take many forms. They can be in the form of a brochure or pamphlet. Finally , the are six ways in communication vehicles that is keep it simple ,use metaphors and analogy , use many different forums to spread the word , repeat key messages , lead by example and listen and be listened to. This is the method , medium and vehicles that I will use to communicate with my audience to persuade them to buy my product. Conclusion , As the product manager of a soon-to-be-launched product , we need to use the mediums , and the vehicles that I would use to communicate with my target audience to persuade them to buy my laptop product . It will help me to sell my product . The advertisement for my product. The laptop market is being flooded everyday with new and newer laptops arriving in the market almost every hour. If you are a serious gadget geek like us, you would want to keep track to all of them which is why we have complied a list of the latest laptops in the market and are happy to present them before you. Have a look at these brand new laptops. Ferrari One Display : 11.1 Inch 1366 X 768 pixels Processor : Dual Core 1.2 GHz Athlon X2 L310 ATI Radeon 3200 graphics Wi-Fi Bluetooth Windows 7 This is my product Conclusion and Recommendation Understanding communication process is very critical to the managers of the organization. They should understand that communication is rarely understood as it should be. The distortion of the message can happen at any of the stages in communication process-sender, receiver, encoding, decoding, channel, message and feedback. In order to send our message, it is clear that we need an understanding of the role and function of the communication and audience, and then we select the appropriate channels of communication .there will also be feedback from us, as communication, to the audience . Communication within and between organisation is dependent on human relationship and organisational context which influence manner, tone, and style. Information must be appropriate to the context and medium, accessible, clearly presented and attract attention because individual receive so many messages and communication. The credibility of an organisation is dependent on the communication style of the individuals who are its representatives. Successful communications do not usually take place in a hostile environment. We can summarise the key factor in successful and effective communication as relevance , accessibility , precision , attract attention , congeniality , and credibility.

Digital Fortress Chapter 36

â€Å"Manual abort?† Susan stared at her screen, mystified. She knew she hadn't typed any manual abort command-at least not intentionally. She wondered if maybe she'd hit the wrong sequence of keys by mistake. â€Å"Impossible,† she muttered. According to the headers, the abort command had been sent less than twenty minutes ago. Susan knew the only thing she'd typed in the last twenty minutes washer privacy code when she'd stepped out to talk to the commander. It was absurd to think the privacy code could have been misinterpreted as an abort command. Knowing it was a waste of time, Susan pulled up her ScreenLock log and double-checked that her privacy code had been entered properly. Sure enough, it had. â€Å"Then where,† she demanded angrily, â€Å"where did it get a manual abort?† Susan scowled and closed the ScreenLock window. Unexpectedly, however, in the split second as the window blipped away, something caught her eye. She reopened the window and studied the data. It made no sense. There was a proper â€Å"locking† entry when she'd left Node 3, but the timing of the subsequent â€Å"unlock† entry seemed strange. The two entries were less than one minute apart. Susan was certain she'd been outside with the commander for more than one minute. Susan scrolled down the page. What she saw left her aghast. Registering three minutes later, a second set of lock-unlock entries appeared. According to the log, someone had unlocked her terminal while she was gone. â€Å"Not possible!† she choked. The only candidate was Greg Hale, and Susan was quite certain she'd never given Hale her privacy code. Following good cryptographic procedure, Susan had chosen her code at random and never written it down; Hale's guessing the correct five-character alphanumeric was out of the question-it was thirty-six to the fifth power, over sixty million possibilities. But the ScreenLock entries were as clear as day. Susan stared at them in wonder. Hale had somehow been on her terminal while she was gone. He had sent her tracer a manual abort command. The questions of how quickly gave way to questions of why? Hale had no motive to break into her terminal. He didn't even know Susan was running a tracer. Even if he did know, Susan thought, why would he object to her tracking some guy named North Dakota? The unanswered questions seemed to be multiplying in her head. â€Å"First things first,† she said aloud. She would deal with Hale in a moment. Focusing on the matter at hand, Susan reloaded her tracer and hit the enter key. Her terminal beeped once. TRACER SENT Susan knew the tracer would take hours to return. She cursed Hale, wondering how in the world he'd gotten her privacy code, wondering what interest he had in her tracer. Susan stood up and strode immediately for Hale's terminal. The screen was black, but she could tell it was not locked-the monitor was glowing faintly around the edges. Cryptographers seldom locked their terminals except when they left Node 3 for the night. Instead, they simply dimmed the brightness on their monitors-a universal, honor-code indication that no one should disturb the terminal. Susan reached for Hale's terminal. â€Å"Screw the honor code,† she said. â€Å"What the hell are you up to?† Throwing a quick glance out at the deserted Crypto floor, Susan turned up Hale's brightness controls. The monitor came into focus, but the screen was entirely empty. Susan frowned at the blank screen. Uncertain how to proceed, she called up a search engine and typed: SEARCH FOR: â€Å"TRACER† It was a long shot, but if there were any references to Susan's tracer in Hale's computer, this search would find them. It might shed some light on why Hale had manually aborted her program. Seconds later the screen refreshed. NO MATCHES FOUND Susan sat a moment, unsure what she was even looking for. She tried again. SEARCH FOR: â€Å"SCREENLOCK† The monitor refreshed and provided a handful of innocuous references-no hint that Hale had any copies of Susan's privacy code on his computer. Susan sighed loudly. So what programs has he been using today? She went to Hale's â€Å"recent applications† menu to find the last program he had used. It was his E-mail server. Susan searched his hard drive and eventually found his E-mail folder hidden discreetly inside some other directories. She opened the folder, and additional folders appeared; it seemed Hale had numerous E-mail identities and accounts. One of them, Susan noticed with little surprise, was an anonymous account. She opened the folder, clicked one of the old, inbound messages, and read it. She instantly stopped breathing. The message read: TO: [email protected] FROM: [email protected] GREAT PROGRESS! DIGITAL FORTRESS IS ALMOST DONE. THIS THING WILL SET THE NSA BACK DECADES! As if in a dream, Susan read the message over and over. Then, trembling, she opened another. TO: [email protected] FROM: [email protected] ROTATING CLEARTEXT WORKS! MUTATION STRINGS ARE THE TRICK! It was unthinkable, and yet there it was. E-mail from Ensei Tankado. He had been writing to Greg Hale. They were working together. Susan went numb as the impossible truth stared up at her from the terminal. Greg Hale is NDAKOTA? Susan's eyes locked on the screen. Her mind searched desperately for some other explanation, but there was none. It was proof-sudden and inescapable: Tankado had used mutation strings to create a rotating cleartext function, and Hale had conspired with him to bring down the NSA. â€Å"It's†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Susan stammered. â€Å"It's†¦ not possible.† As if to disagree, Hale's voice echoed from the past: Tankado wrote me a few times†¦ Strathmore took a gamble hiring me†¦ I'm getting out of here someday. Still, Susan could not accept what she was seeing. True, Greg Hale was obnoxious and arrogant-but he wasn't a traitor. He knew what Digital Fortress would do to the NSA; there was no way he was involved in a plot to release it! And yet, Susan realized, there was nothing to stop him-nothing except honor and decency. She thought of the Skipjack algorithm. Greg Hale had ruined the NSA's plans once before. What would prevent him from trying again? â€Å"But Tankado†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Susan puzzled. Why would someone as paranoid as Tankado trust someone as unreliable as Hale? She knew that none of it mattered now. All that mattered was getting to Strathmore. By some ironic stroke of fate, Tankado's partner was right there under their noses. She wondered if Hale knew yet that Ensei Tankado was dead. She quickly began closing Hale's E-mail files in order to leave the terminal exactly as she had found it. Hale could suspect nothing-not yet. The Digital Fortress pass-key, she realized in amazement, was probably hidden somewhere inside that very computer. But as Susan closed the last of the files, a shadow passed outside the Node 3 window. Her gaze shot up, and she saw Greg Hale approaching. Her adrenaline surged. He was almost to the doors. â€Å"Damn!† she cursed, eyeing the distance back to her seat. She knew she'd never make it. Hale was almost there. She wheeled desperately, searching Node 3 for options. The doors behind her clicked. Then they engaged. Susan felt instinct takeover. Digging her shoes into the carpet, she accelerated in long, reaching strides toward the pantry. As the doors hissed open, Susan slid to a stop in front of the refrigerator and yanked open the door. A glass pitcher on top tipped precariously and then rocked to a stop. â€Å"Hungry?† Hale asked, entering Node 3 and walking toward her. His voice was calm and flirtatious. â€Å"Want to share some tofu?† Susan exhaled and turned to face him. â€Å"No thanks,† she offered. â€Å"I think I'll just-† But the words got caught in her throat. She went white. Hale eyed her oddly. â€Å"What's wrong?† Susan bit her lip and locked eyes with him. â€Å"Nothing, â€Å"she managed. But it was a lie. Across the room, Hale's terminal glowed brightly. She'd forgotten to dim it.